"Look at the shark": Evaluation of student- and actress-produced standardised sentences of infant- and foreigner-directed speech

This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Abstract Standardised sentence production is routinely used in speech research to avoid content variability typical of natural speech production. However, the validity of such standardised material is not well understood. Here, we evaluated the use of standardised sentences by comparing them to two existing, non-standardised datasets of simulated free and natural speech (the latter produced by mothers in real interactions). Standardised sentences and simulated free speech were produced by students and actresses without an interaction partner. Each dataset comprised recordings of infant-(IDS), foreigner-(FDS) and adult-directed (ADS) speech, which were analysed for mean F 0 , vowel duration and hyperarticulation. Whilst students' mean F 0 pattern in standardised speech was closer to the natural speech than their previous 'simulated free speech', no difference in vowel hyperarticulation and duration patterns was found for students' standardised sentences between the three speech styles. Actresses' F 0 , vowel duration and hyperarticulation patterns in standardised speech were similar to the natural speech, and a part improvement on their 'simulated free speech'. These results suggest that successful reproduction of some acoustic measures (e.g., F 0) can be achieved with standardised content regardless of the type of speaker, whereas the production of other acoustic